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Cardinal Robert Francis Prevost will lead the world’s 1.4 billion Catholics as Pope Leo XIV. He is the first pope from the United States and the first from the Augustinian order, founded in the 13th century.

However, the choice made by the 133 cardinal electors may have surprised some, writes Joanne M. Pierce, a specialist in Catholic history and ritual at the College of the Holy Cross. The College of Cardinals, which elects the pope, has been largely dominated by Europeans and has historically had reservations about American influence in the church.

Prevost’s many qualifications likely influenced the decision: He has extensive administrative experience, expertise in canon law and decades of pastoral work in both South and North America. Additionally, in his role with the Augustinian order, he likely traveled widely to visit many of the communities under his supervision.

Pierce also comments on his choice of the papal name − an apparent nod to Pope Leo XIII, who championed workers’ rights and criticized the poor conditions in which they lived. He may not walk in the footsteps of Pope Francis, she argues, “but he will likely continue walking in the same direction.”

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Kalpana Jain

Senior Religion + Ethics Editor, Director of the Global Religion Journalism Initiative

Newly elected Pope Leo XIV appears on the central loggia of St. Peter’s Basilica at the Vatican shortly after his election as pontiff on May 8, 2025. AP Photo/Domenico Stinellis

Pope Leo XIV: Why the College of Cardinals chose the Chicago native and Augustinian to lead the church after Francis

Joanne M. Pierce, College of the Holy Cross

Cardinal Robert F. Prevost took the name Pope Leo XIV – an apparent nod to Pope Leo XIII, who championed the rights of workers and criticized the conditions in which they lived.

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